Tree card and digital plant passport DREVO

Tree card and digital plant passport DREVO

Unified system of accounting, monitoring and long-term management

The DREVO tree card is a standardized description of the biological, ecological, economic and spatial characteristics of a plant.

A digital passport is a continuously updated record of a specific specimen: from the origin of the seed or seedling to its maturity, yield, health, role in the plant community, and potential transmission to the next generation of caretakers.

The main principle of DREVO:

Each tree is considered simultaneously as a living organism, part of an ecosystem, a carrier of genetic information, an economic resource and an object of long-term responsibility.

A passport is not created for the sake of formal registration. It helps:

choose the right landing site;

preserve the origin of the plant;

track growth and health;

plan care;

analyze compatibility;

control crop yield;

preserve valuable genetic lines;

assess the plant's contribution to the ecosystem;

to pass on knowledge between generations;

create a digital twin of the territory.

1. The difference between a card and a passport

View card

Describes a plant as a biological species, variety, or form.

She answers the questions:

what conditions does he need;

what size does it reach;

how long does it live;

What functions does it perform?

What plants is it compatible with?

what risks does it create?

The card can be used for multiple specimens of the same species or variety.

Digital passport of the instance

Refers to one specific plant.

It records:

where exactly is it located;

when it was planted;

where does it come from;

how it develops;

what hurt;

what a harvest it yielded;

what work was carried out;

how its ecological role is changing.

Thus:

the species card describes potential properties, and the specimen passport is the real life of a specific plant.

2. Levels of digital accounting

The DREVO system may include several interconnected passports.

Level 1. View

For example:

domestic apple tree;

English oak;

walnut;

tamarisk;

European olive.

Level 2. Variety or form

For example:

a specific fruit variety;

local population;

breeding line;

stable ecotype;

decorative or dwarf form.

Level 3. Genetic line

Records the origin:

seeds;

mother plant;

paternal line, if known;

rootstock;

scion;

the branch;

nursery party.

Level 4. Specific instance

A single tree, shrub, vine, or valuable perennial plant.

Level 5. Guild

A group of plants united around a central specimen.

Level 6. Plant community

Forest edge, forest garden, shelterbelt, coastal zone, nursery grove or other community.

Level 7. Territory

An entire site, farm, park, restoration corridor, or regional system.

3. Unique identifier

Each plant is assigned a unique code.

Example structure:

DREVO-CH-WTZ-FG01-AP-000127

Where:

WOOD— system;

CH— side;

WTZ— region or locality;

FG01- a plot or forest garden;

AP— species code;

000127— individual plant number.

For larger projects you can add:

year of planting;

zone number;

guild number;

generation;

nursery code.

Extended code example:

WOOD-MA-GL05-Z3-ARG-2028-00451

The unique code should not change when:

transplant;

change of owner;

change of status;

change of management organization.

Changes are recorded in the passport history.

4. Basic information block

Name of the plant

official Name;

local name;

international name;

Latin name;

botanical family;

genus;

view;

subspecies;

variety;

form;

ecotype.

Status

local;

regional local;

traditionally cultivated;

introduced;

selection;

rare;

protected;

experimental;

potentially invasive;

controlled.

Life form

tall tree;

medium tree;

low tree;

bushy tree;

bush;

liana;

perennial herbaceous plant;

aquatic plant.

5. Origin of the plant

Origin is one of the most important parts of a passport.

The following are recorded:

country of origin;

region;

nursery;

supplier;

date of purchase;

batch number;

certificate;

mother plant;

seed line;

method of reproduction;

growing conditions before planting;

quarantine status.

Method of obtaining

seed;

seedling;

seedling;

cutting;

layering;

root shoots;

grafted plant;

tissue culture;

natural self-seeding;

transplanted wild specimen.

Genetic status

seed propagation;

branch;

well-known variety;

unknown variety;

local population;

hybrid;

breeding line;

genetically unique specimen.

6. Rootstock and grafting

For grafted plants, the data of the rootstock and scion are recorded separately.

Rootstock

view;

variety;

origin;

growth force;

root system type;

soil resistance;

frost resistance;

drought resistance;

compatibility with scion;

tendency to overgrow.

Scion

variety;

origin;

date of vaccination;

method of grafting;

vaccination site;

specialist;

connection state;

booster vaccinations.

Additional vaccinations

There may be several varieties on one tree.

A separate entry is created in the passport for each branch:

variety;

date;

position on the crown;

state;

bloom;

crop yield.

7. Spatial data

Each instance is linked to a map.

The following are recorded:

coordinates;

altitude;

plot number;

zone number;

row number;

guild number;

distance to neighboring plants;

distance to water;

distance to the road;

distance to the building;

slope exposure;

slope;

solar accessibility;

wind load.

Coordinate accuracy

There are three possible levels:

approximate position;

point with an accuracy of several meters;

high precision geodetic point.

For a typical forest garden, a definition that allows one to confidently locate a specific tree is sufficient.

8. Date and conditions of landing

The following information is recorded in the passport:

planting date;

age of the plant at planting;

height;

barrel diameter;

root ball size;

root condition;

crown condition;

method of transportation;

storage duration;

weather conditions;

temperature;

soil moisture;

preparing the landing site.

Planting hole or area

dimensions;

depth;

soil type;

added compost;

mineral supplements;

mycorrhizal material;

drainage;

water retaining elements;

type of mulch;

mulch thickness.

Planting operations

responsible;

participants;

applied technology;

primary watering;

volume of water;

support;

protection from animals;

marking.

9. Initial state of the plant

At the time of registration the following are assessed:

general vitality;

condition of the bark;

root condition;

number of main branches;

crown symmetry;

mechanical damage;

signs of disease;

presence of pests;

overdrying;

quality of vaccination;

the presence of flowers or fruits.

For control purposes the following are added:

photographs;

general appearance;

trunk;

root collar;

crown;

leaves;

damage.

10. Morphometric indicators

Measurements are taken regularly.

Key indicators

total height;

trunk height;

barrel diameter;

trunk circumference;

crown width;

crown projection area;

number of main branches;

length of annual growth;

height of the fruiting zone.

For shrubs

height;

width;

number of main shoots;

density;

growth length;

coverage area.

For vines

length of shoots;

coverage area;

support height;

support load;

number of fruiting shoots.

Measurements must be carried out using the same methodology, otherwise the comparison loses its meaning.

11. Root zone condition

The underground part is not directly visible, so its condition is assessed based on indirect and instrumental signs.

The following are recorded:

condition of the root collar;

soil compaction;

presence of open roots;

damage;

stagnation of water;

drying out;

formation of cracks;

presence of root shoots;

fungal activity;

wet layer depth;

presence of mulch;

proximity to hard surfaces.

If necessary, use:

soil probes;

humidity sensors;

soil analysis;

thermal imaging observations;

georadar;

other non-destructive methods.

12. Soil profile of the plant

For each specimen or group of plants the following are recorded:

soil type;

mechanical composition;

depth of the fertile layer;

acidity;

electrical conductivity;

salinization;

organic content;

humidity;

density;

drainage;

carbonate;

essential nutrients;

pollutants.

Repeated analyses are performed:

according to schedule;

if the condition worsens;

after a severe drought;

after flooding;

after significant additions;

before changing your diet.

13. Water passport

The water block includes:

water source;

quality;

mineralization;

acidity;

salt content;

irrigation method;

frequency;

volume;

seasonality;

depth of hydration;

date of last watering;

signs of water stress.

Sources

precipitation;

water supply;

well;

tank;

pond;

purified water;

desalinated water;

collected rainwater;

natural ground moisture.

Water autonomy

For a mature plant the following is estimated:

complete dependence on irrigation;

seasonal dependence;

watering only during drought;

autonomous existence;

use of groundwater;

unknown status.

14. Light passport

The following are recorded:

direct sun hours;

morning lighting;

daylight;

evening lighting;

seasonal shading;

source of shadow;

changing light as neighboring trees grow;

sunburn;

lack of light.

You can use categories:

full sun;

mostly sun;

partial shadow;

diffused light;

deep shadow.

The assessment is repeated as the crowns develop.

15. Microclimate

For valuable or experimental plants the following are recorded:

temperature;

air humidity;

wind speed;

wind direction;

minimum winter temperature;

maximum summer temperature;

late frosts;

duration of snow cover;

soil overheating;

salt aerosol;

proximity to a body of water.

This allows us to understand why identical plants develop differently in the same area.

16. Phenological calendar

Phenology describes the annual cycle of a plant.

The dates are fixed:

beginning of sap flow;

swelling of the kidneys;

leaf unfolding;

beginning of flowering;

full bloom;

end of flowering;

fruit setting;

beginning of ripening;

main collection;

end of fruiting;

changes in leaf color;

November;

transition to a state of rest.

The phenological calendar helps:

monitor climate change;

select pollinators;

plan the collection;

identify stress;

compare varieties;

forecast the harvest.

17. Pollination

For flowering and fruit plants the following are recorded:

self-fertility;

the need for cross-pollination;

compatible varieties;

nearest pollinator;

distance to it;

flowering coincidence;

insect activity;

weather conditions during flowering;

quality of fruit setting.

If the tying is weak, check:

lack of a compatible pollinator;

cold;

rain;

wind;

lack of insects;

damage to flowers;

unbalanced diet;

varietal incompatibility.

18. Harvest passport

A separate block is created for productive plants.

The following are recorded:

year of the beginning of fruiting;

number of fruits;

total weight;

average fruit weight;

quality;

taste;

sugar content, if measured;

oil content;

shelf life;

percentage of damage;

losses;

purpose of the harvest.

Directions of use

fresh consumption;

processing;

seeds;

feed;

sale;

storage;

drying;

oil;

medicinal raw materials;

composting of substandard products.

Productivity

It is necessary to distinguish:

harvest from a plant;

harvest from the area;

yield per unit of water;

harvest per hour of labor;

commercial harvest;

total biological yield.

19. Product quality

For economically significant crops the following may be recorded:

size;

appearance;

taste;

aroma;

density;

sugar content;

acidity;

oil content;

nutrients;

presence of contaminants;

residual substances;

shelf life;

suitability for processing.

For medicinal raw materials, the following are taken into account separately:

part of a plant;

collection time;

drying conditions;

storage location;

laboratory confirmation;

safety of use.

20. Plant health

The condition is assessed on a single scale.

Category 5 - excellent condition

active growth;

healthy foliage;

no significant damage;

normal flowering;

stable fruiting.

Category 4 - good condition

Minor deviations without threat to overall development.

Category 3 - satisfactory condition

There are noticeable problems that require monitoring or intervention.

Category 2 - poor condition

Severe stress, illness, significant injury or weakening.

Category 1 - critical condition

High risk of death or danger of tree destruction.

Category 0 - Dead plant

The cause of death is determined, if possible, and stored in the database.

21. Diseases and pests

For each case the following are recorded:

date of discovery;

symptoms;

affected part;

presumed cause;

confirmed diagnosis;

photographs;

laboratory analysis;

prevalence;

neighboring affected plants;

measures taken;

result.

It is important to distinguish:

visual guess;

probable diagnosis;

confirmed diagnosis.

Without confirmation, the cause cannot be considered established.

22. Damage

The following are registered separately:

frost;

wound;

drought;

sunburn;

city;

wind;

lightning;

snow;

flood;

fire;

animals;

technique;

vandalism;

unsuccessful pruning;

root damage;

chemical exposure;

salinization.

For each event the following is indicated:

date;

intensity;

area of ​​damage;

measures taken;

subsequent recovery.

23. Care history

All significant works are saved in the digital passport.

Watering

date;

volume;

way;

water source;

responsible.

Top dressing

material;

composition;

quantity;

place of introduction;

cause;

result.

Mulching

type of material;

thickness;

square;

update date.

Trimming

type of pruning;

target;

volume;

remote branches;

specialist;

plant reaction.

Protection

mechanical;

biological;

chemical;

protection from animals;

frost protection;

sun protection.

24. Pruning and crown architecture

The following information is recorded in the passport:

natural form;

the selected formation system;

trunk height;

main skeletal branches;

direction of branches;

pruning carried out;

dangerous forks;

dry branches;

need for support;

expected height.

For large trees, the following are additionally registered:

stability;

slope;

cavities;

cracks;

condition of the root collar;

risk of falling;

safety zone.

25. Ecological functions

The passport must show not only the economic, but also the ecological value of the plant.

The following functions are fixed:

shadow creation;

wind protection;

slope strengthening;

water retention;

accumulation of organic matter;

mushroom support;

bird nutrition;

insect nutrition;

nesting site;

ecological corridor;

nitrogen fixation;

dust filtration;

reduction of overheating;

carbon accumulation;

cultural value.

For each function you can set the level:

basic;

significant;

additional;

potential;

missing;

unknown.

26. Carbon and Biomass Block

For large projects, one can roughly estimate:

volume of wood;

annual increase;

aboveground biomass;

root biomass;

carbon accumulation;

amount of leaf litter;

the amount of wood pulp obtained;

volume of material after cutting.

Such assessments should be labeled as:

measured;

calculated;

approximate;

model.

An approximate model cannot be passed off as an exact measurement.

27. Biodiversity around the tree

The central tree can be a vantage point for observing the surrounding life.

Registered:

birds;

insects;

pollinators;

mushrooms;

lichens;

mosses;

small animals;

nests;

hollows;

traces of feeding;

natural growth;

epiphytic plants.

Old trees can have particularly high value even when their economic productivity declines.

28. Role in the plant guild

For each tree the following is indicated:

guild number;

central or accompanying status;

neighboring plants;

function of each neighbor;

distances;

compatibility;

revealed competition;

positive interactions;

planned changes.

Example:

29. Compatibility with neighboring plants

For each significant neighbor the following are estimated:

light compatibility;

water compatibility;

soil compatibility;

root competition;

common diseases;

allelopathy;

pollination;

economic compatibility;

risk of aggressive growth.

A simple scale is used:

+2- expressed complementarity;

+1- positive compatibility;

0- neutral neighborhood;

–1- controlled conflict;

–2- critical incompatibility;

?- not enough data.

The assessment is revised based on actual observations.

30. Successional status

The plant receives a status in the development of the community:

pioneer;

temporary protective;

soil restoration;

frame-forming;

constantly productive;

late successional;

hereditary;

subject to thinning;

natural growth;

aging;

preserved as a biotope.

This status helps to understand whether the plant should remain on the site permanently or perform a temporary function.

31. Legal status

For individual plants the following are recorded:

owner;

management organization;

conservation status;

pruning restrictions;

permission to delete;

belonging to a collection;

status of a natural monument;

compensatory planting obligations;

certificates of origin;

phytosanitary documents.

For rare and protected species, regional legislation must be taken into account.

32. Cultural and historical value

A tree can have special meaning as:

memorable;

family;

historical;

ritual;

symbolic;

public;

associated with an important event;

part of the old garden;

carrier of the traditional variety.

The passport contains:

history;

date;

People;

event;

photographs;

oral evidence;

documents;

cultural purpose.

33. Hereditary status

For long-lived trees, the status of “DREVO heritage tree” is introduced.

Criteria may include:

significant age;

rare genotype;

outstanding size;

ecological value;

historical significance;

high productivity;

unusual stability;

significance to the community.

For such a tree, the following is created:

security zone;

care plan;

breeding program;

reserve of genetic material;

successor-guardian;

separate archive.

34. Seed passport

If the tree is used as a source of seeds, the following are recorded:

year of collection;

quantity;

quality;

germination;

storage conditions;

sowing place;

number of descendants;

characteristics of offspring;

stability;

deviations;

selection results.

This allows for the creation of locally adapted populations.

35. Passport of offspring

Each important daughter plant is related to the parent specimen.

The following are recorded:

mother tree;

presumed paternal plant;

pollination method;

date of semen collection;

germination date;

nursery conditions;

subsequent landing site;

properties of offspring.

This is how the DREVO plant genealogical tree is formed.

36. Photographic history

For each specimen, a sequence of photographs is created.

Recommended angles:

general appearance;

view from the north;

view from the south;

trunk;

reason;

crown;

leaves;

flowers;

fruit;

damage;

adjacent space.

Filming can be performed:

when landing;

annually;

after an extreme event;

before and after pruning;

in case of illness;

during the flowering period;

during harvest time.

It is advisable to take photographs from the same point.

37. Documents and attachments

The following may be attached to the passport:

certificates;

laboratory test results;

accounts;

nursery passport;

quarantine documents;

schemes;

photographs;

video;

recommendations from specialists;

permissions;

historical materials;

damage reports;

care reports.

38. QR code and physical marking

The plant may have a physical tag with a QR code.

When scanning, it opens:

short card;

location;

Name;

age;

variety;

ecological functions;

history;

permitted actions;

contact of the person in charge.

Types of tags

tag;

sign;

a pole next to a tree;

information sign;

electronic tag;

radio frequency tag.

The label must not:

grow into the trunk;

damage the bark;

pull a tree;

contain toxic materials;

interfere with animals;

create danger.

39. Data access levels

Not all information should be public.

Public level

Name;

main functions;

age;

history;

ecological value;

educational information.

Professional level

care;

health;

tests;

productivity;

work plan;

compatibility.

Administrative level

owner;

contracts;

price;

supplier;

responsible;

permissions.

Protected level

accurate data on rare species;

commercially sensitive information;

personal data;

information about valuable collections.

40. System user roles

Observer

Can add photos and messages.

Gardener

Enters care data.

Agronomist or ecologist

Conducts a professional assessment.

Laboratory

Adds confirmed test results.

Control

Plans work and monitors the condition of the site.

Administrator

Manages the database structure and access rights.

Tree Keeper

Personally responsible for supervision and continuity.

41. Warning system

The digital passport can automatically generate notifications.

Scheduled notifications

watering check;

pruning;

soil analysis;

bloom;

expected collection;

update protection;

support control;

seasonal inspection.

Event notifications

wound;

frost;

strong wind;

drought;

fire risk;

possible disease;

a sharp decrease in humidity;

sensor damage;

failure to make an appointment within the specified time period.

An automatic warning does not replace a specialist examination.

42. Sensors and automatic monitoring

Valuable plants or groups can be connected to:

soil moisture sensors;

temperature sensors;

conductivity sensors;

weather stations;

cameras;

spectral cameras;

trunk growth sensors;

irrigation control systems;

acoustic sensors;

unmanned monitoring.

The data is linked to the passport and displayed over time.

43. Spectral passport of a plant

The spectral passport contains the results of observations of light reflection by leaves and crowns.

It can be used to evaluate:

vegetation activity;

water stress;

pigment changes;

leaf damage;

crown irregularities;

reactions to food;

early signs of stress.

Important:

Spectral data show a deviation in condition, but do not always allow a definitive determination of the cause without ground verification.

The spectral passport includes:

date;

equipment;

range;

lighting;

weather conditions;

index or measurement;

crown card;

interpretation;

confirmation by ground inspection.

44. Digital twin of a plant

The digital twin combines:

geometry;

biological characteristics;

growth history;

sensor data;

photographs;

productivity;

microclimate;

care;

neighboring plants;

development forecast.

It can show:

estimated crown size;

shadow change;

future root zone;

need for water;

possible harvest;

risk of conflict with infrastructure;

need for thinning.

The digital twin is a model, not the plant itself. Its predictions must be adjusted based on real-world observations.

45. DREVO Condition Index

For quick comparison, an integral index can be used.

It includes:

health;

increase;

water state;

soil condition;

damage;

harvest;

biodiversity;

stability;

quality of care.

Example of a scale:

The index must be accompanied by a breakdown. A single number does not explain the cause of the condition.

46. ​​Ecological Value Index

The ecological role is assessed separately.

Criteria:

age;

size;

local origin;

support for rare species;

presence of hollows;

nutritional value;

participation in the ecological corridor;

soil protection;

water-regulating function;

genetic uniqueness.

An old tree with low productivity can have very high ecological value.

47. Economic value index

Includes:

harvest;

product quality;

stability;

shelf life;

demand;

labor costs;

water consumption;

processing;

cost of care;

productive life span.

Economic value should not be the only criterion for preserving a plant.

48. Action plan

A plan is formed based on the passport.

Current activities

watering;

mulching;

pruning;

treatment;

strengthening;

protection;

analysis;

harvesting.

Medium-term actions

crown formation;

support replacement;

change of neighboring plantings;

guild review;

additional pollination;

soil improvement.

Long-term actions

thinning;

rejuvenation;

reproduction;

change of status;

preparation of a successor;

safe preservation of aging wood;

replacement after completion of the life cycle.

49. Passport of a dead tree

The passport is not deleted after death.

It records:

date of death;

presumed cause;

confirmed reason;

age;

latest symptoms;

weather events;

measures taken;

test results;

the fate of wood;

root condition;

need for replacement.

Possible statuses:

removed;

left as standing dead wood;

turned into lying timber;

used as a mushroom substrate;

recycled;

preserved as a biotope;

replaced by a new plant.

The history of a lost specimen helps avoid repeating mistakes.

50. Transfer of responsibility

When the owner, gardener or custodian changes, the digital passport is transferred along with the plant.

Transmitted:

history;

current issues;

care plan;

legal status;

access to data;

work calendar;

contact specialists;

offspring data;

special restrictions.

This ensures continuity of control.

51. Brief field card

For work on the site, an abbreviated version is used.

Required fields

unique code;

Name;

variety;

planting date;

coordinates;

state;

last watering;

last trim;

current problem;

next action;

responsible;

photo.

This card should open quickly and be convenient for the phone.

52. Complete professional card

The full version includes:

Identification.

Origin.

Genetics.

Rootstock and scion.

Location.

Landing.

Soil.

Water.

World.

Microclimate.

Phenology.

Pollination.

Height.

Harvest.

Health.

Diseases.

Care.

Ecological functions.

Guild.

Offspring.

Documents.

Action plan.

53. Tree card template DREVO

A. Identification

Unique code:

Official name:

Local name:

Latin name:

Family:

Variety:

Rootstock:

Life form:

Status:

B. Origin

Page:

Region:

Nursery:

Mother plant:

Reproduction method:

Batch number:

Certificate:

B. Landing

Date:

Age:

Height:

State:

Planting method:

Primary watering:

Mulch:

Responsible:

G. Location

Coordinates:

Plot:

Zone:

Guild:

Exposure:

Slope:

Illumination:

Wind:

E. Soil and water

Soil type:

pH:

Organic matter:

Salting:

Drainage:

Water source:

Watering mode:

Latest analysis:

E. Rost

Height:

Barrel diameter:

Crown width:

Annual growth:

Root condition:

Health category:

J. Phenology

Leaf unfolding:

Bloom:

Maturation:

November:

Dormant period:

Z. Harvest

Year:

Quantity:

Weight:

Quality:

Usage:

Losses:

I. Health and care

Diseases:

Pests:

Damage:

Last trim:

Last feeding:

Next job:

K. Ecological role

Main functions:

Supported types:

Pollinator Value:

Soil protection function:

Water regulation function:

Successional status:

L. History

Significant events:

Photos:

Documents:

Offspring:

Keeper:

54. Plant community passport

Cards of individual plants are linked into a common community passport.

It records:

borders;

square;

basic type;

succession stage;

tiered structure;

species composition;

number of plants;

age structure;

water regime;

soil condition;

biodiversity;

productivity;

risks;

development plan.

The digital map allows you to open a community and access the passport of each individual plant.

55. Basic rules of the DREVO system

Each significant plant receives a unique code.

The potential properties of a species are separated from the actual state of the instance.

The origin of the planting material is preserved.

All significant work is registered.

Assumptions are separated from confirmed data.

The passport is not removed after the plant dies.

Old trees are valued not only by their yield.

The data is used to improve future plantings.

Access to sensitive information is restricted.

Technology supports surveillance, but does not replace humans.

56. Final model

The tree card and digital passport DREVO combine:

**botanical identification

origin and genetics

geographical location

planting history

soil and water conditions

growth and phenology

health

yield

ecological functions

plant guild

care

digital monitoring

continuity of responsibility.**

This system transforms plantings from a nameless mass of plants into a clear, living network.

Each tree receives:

history;

place;

function;

responsible;

development plan;

communication with other organisms;

digital memory.

The final principle

A digital passport is needed not to turn a tree into a data set, but to enable people to better understand its life, needs, value, and responsibility for its preservation.

The tree continues to live in nature, and the passport preserves the knowledge necessary to protect it and pass it on to future generations.